The fortified village, founded between 1325 and 1344 by Rudolf IV of Neuchâtel, spreads out along a long central street lined with houses on both sides, with the ends closed off by two gates.

Its urban layout is simple but striking, reflecting the medieval era and its defensive function. Before its foundation, there was a fortified town called Nugerol, located on the hill above the lake, built by the Count of Neuchâtel as a strategic outpost against the neighbouring bishopric of Basel. Nugerol, which enjoyed special privileges in 1260, was however destroyed during an armed conflict between the count and the bishop of Basel. Schlossberg Castle was later built on those lands in 1283 and later the village of La Neuveville, founded in 1312. In 1325, the Count of Neuchâtel decided to rebuild the town on a new site, chosen for its strategic location on a moraine island called Le Landeron, emerging from the marshy plain. Its proximity to the river Thielle and the lake gave it an ideal location for river communications, which were essential for trade at the time. In the 15th century, the town of Landeron prospered, so much so that in 1449 it entered into a perpetual alliance with the town of Solothurn, becoming one of the main towns in the region. During the 16th century, the town found itself at the centre of tensions between Bern and Solothurn. While Bern tried to impose the Protestant Reformation, the inhabitants of Landeron, supported by Solothurn, strongly opposed it. This period of political strife culminated in 1707, when the Neuchâtel family sold the principality to the King of Prussia, marking the end of local rule and the beginning of a new era. Despite this change, the population of Landeron remained strongly attached to its identity and tradition, rebelling against any threat to their particularism. Today, the village retains numerous historical buildings that testify to its rich past. The Town Hall, dating back to the 15th century, the fountains and the Combes Chapel dating back to 1682, along with numerous other picturesque buildings, give Landeron a unique charm, immersed in the natural beauty of the area. The village remains a fascinating place, where the past blends harmoniously with the present.